Ian Sutton - CSE 384 - Sept 9 2014

(1) The root directory is uppermost directory mounted on a filesystem,
    usually written as "/". It is the first directory to be mounted
	during boot, and the only directory to be mounted in the case of
	emergency maintenance if booted in single-user mode. It contains
	all the mountpoints for the other filesystems if the OS splits 
	system directories into seperate partitions.
	
(2) The home directory contains perhaps 1 directory per user, named 
    after the user it is for. It contains that user's personal files.
	A user almost certainly has write privileges to his/her home
	directory. It is usually abbreviated as ~, and the `cd` command
	with no arguments will cd to the executing user's home directory,
	if it exists.
	
(3) See screenshots, script replicated here:

#!/bin/sh

cd /home/kremlin 
echo "Printing contents of home directory"
ls -lah /home/kremlin
echo "cd'ing to \"Desktop\" (although I'm using a tiled WM that doesn't support the XDG Desktop directory)"
cd /home/kremlin/Desktop
cd
echo "Printing working directory"
pwd
echo "Creating \"Backups\" directory"
mkdir ~/Backups
echo "Writing name/SUID into /tmp/hw2"
# I thought you meant something about the SUID permissions bit at first :)
echo -ne "Ian Sutton\n417517518" > /tmp/hw2
echo "Copying it to \"Backups\" folder"
cp /tmp/hw2 ~/hw2
echo "Removing original"
rm /tmp/hw2
echo "Listing contents of \"Backups\" folder"
ls ~/Backups
echo "Deleting \"Backups\" folder"
rm -rf ~/Backups

(4) See screenshots, script replicated here:

#!/bin/sh

echo "cd'ing to root directory"
cd /
ls -lah | grep bin
echo "searching for file 'cpp' only one dir deep and displaying its file type.."
find . -maxdepth 1 -type f -name cpp -exec file {} \;
echo "printing the first 160 bytes of it in hex.."
find . -maxdepth 1 -type f -name cpp -exec xd {} \; | head -c 160